Fuel Cost Calculator: Unmasking the Raw Truth Behind What You Really Pay
Think you know what it costs to run your car? Think again. The sticker price at the pump is just the tip of a much deeper iceberg, and the numbers you see on glossy dealership pamphlets are often more illusion than reality. In a world where even a cup of coffee can fluctuate in value overnight, fuel costs—supposedly simple and straightforward—have become a bewildering game of smoke and mirrors. Enter the fuel cost calculator: part weapon, part shield, and, in the wrong hands, just another tool for getting played. But what if you could wield it to cut through the noise, expose the hidden costs, and finally outmaneuver the system designed to keep you guessing? In this no-nonsense guide, we’ll rip away the mask from fuel cost calculators, dissect their guts, and reveal the gritty, bottom-line truths every driver, commuter, and business owner needs to know. Whether you’re eyeing an electric SUV or just trying to keep your ancient sedan on the road, buckle up—because the truth about vehicle running costs is far from comforting, but it’s your best shot at financial survival.
Why fuel cost calculators matter more than you think
Fuel costs: The invisible drain on your wallet
For most people, the cost of fuel is like background radiation—ever-present, quietly eroding your finances, yet rarely getting the spotlight it deserves. You fill up the tank, grumble at the price, and drive away. But what if that recurring transaction is just the beginning of a far bigger financial story? According to data analyzed by Coltura, Q2 2024, the average American driver pays far more for fuel annually than they realize, thanks to hidden costs like insurance fluctuations, unpredictable maintenance, and, crucially, depreciation tied to vehicle type and usage. These are not just rounding errors—they’re the silent assassins of your personal budget, draining hundreds or even thousands of dollars a year without much fanfare.
"Fuel expenses are deceptively simple at first glance, but when you break them down, you realize just how many variables silently eat away at your wallet."
— Emily Harper, Automotive Analyst, Coltura, 2024
It’s no exaggeration: ignoring the true scope of your fuel costs is like letting your bank account bleed out in slow motion. When we talk about “fuel cost calculators,” we’re not discussing a trivial gadget, but a critical financial instrument that can mean the difference between smart ownership and an endless cycle of nasty surprises.
The hidden complexity of calculating real-world fuel expenses
Here’s the catch: even a “simple” calculation isn’t so simple. Fuel cost isn’t just about multiplying fuel price by miles driven and dividing by your claimed MPG. It’s about a moving target—one shaped by everything from supply-chain chaos and geopolitical shocks to the quirks of your driving route. According to the UK’s MoneySavingExpert, even modest changes in local fuel prices or maintenance habits can swing your yearly costs by hundreds of pounds or dollars.
Let’s break it out:
| Factor | Impact on Cost | Typical Range |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel Price | Direct | £1.35–£1.65/litre (UK) |
| Real-World MPG/Efficiency | Direct, Variable | 10–40% deviation |
| Maintenance & Tyres | Indirect, Significant | £200–£600/year |
| Insurance Tied to Mileage | Indirect | £50–£250 variance |
| Depreciation (usage-based) | Strong, Hidden | £500–£1500/year |
| Driving Behavior/Traffic | Up to 30% swing | - |
Table 1: Key drivers of real-world fuel costs.
Source: Original analysis based on Coltura, 2024; MoneySavingExpert, 2024.
The complexity here isn’t academic—it’s practical. If you skip even one factor, your calculation can go from “cautiously optimistic” to “tragically naïve” in a heartbeat. The best calculators force you to confront these variables, not just the ones you want to believe.
And here’s the twist: as prices and efficiencies shift, the only way to stay ahead is to use a tool that accounts for these rapid, real-world changes. That’s why, in 2023–2024, fuel cost calculators have shifted from “nice-to-have” to “don’t drive without it.”
How the game changed: The evolution of fuel cost calculation
Once upon a time, fuel math was scrawled on napkins or scratched onto dashboards. Now, it’s a digital arms race, with tools evolving alongside the vehicles themselves. Today’s calculators can crunch the numbers on electric versus gas, adjust for terrain, or even simulate your commute in rush-hour gridlock.
Here’s how the journey has unfolded:
- Analog Era: Pen, paper, and guesswork. Calculations relied on idealized numbers, often ignoring depreciation, wear, or behavioral quirks.
- Early Digital Tools: Primitive web forms and Excel sheets—barebones, but automated.
- Smart Calculators: Integration of real-time fuel prices, customizable for hybrid, plug-in, or electric vehicles.
- Data-Driven Insights: AI-driven calculators like those at futurecar.ai/fuel-cost-calculator and major leasing firms now factor in localized data, maintenance, even insurance.
- Total Cost of Ownership Dashboards: Platforms bringing fuel, maintenance, insurance, and resale into a single, dynamic view.
Each jump has pulled more truth into the light, but the fundamental threat remains: if you’re not recalculating as the game evolves, you’re being left behind.
Dissecting the numbers: What goes into a fuel cost calculator?
Breaking down the formula: Beyond just MPG and miles
If you think a fuel cost calculator is just a matter of plugging in miles and MPG, you’re in for a rude awakening. A legitimate, modern calculator digs far deeper, forcing you to confront every aspect of the cost equation.
Let’s decode the essentials:
Fuel Cost per Mile : The basic output, but only as accurate as your inputs. Calculated as (Total Fuel Cost) / (Total Miles Driven).
Fuel Price : Not a static figure. Fluctuates daily—and regionally—based on market volatility, seasonality, and even local taxes.
Real-World MPG (or MPGe) : Your car’s “official” efficiency is often a fantasy. Real-world mileage typically underperforms by 10–20%, sometimes more.
Maintenance & Wear : Every mile increases not just fuel expense, but wear on tires, brakes, and fluids.
Depreciation : The stealth cost. High-mileage or inefficient vehicles lose value faster, compounding your per-mile costs.
Let’s see how it stacks up:
| Component | Simple Calculator | Advanced Calculator |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel Price Entry | National Average | Local/Real-Time |
| MPG Input | Manufacturer | User-Reported/Adjusted |
| Maintenance Costs | Omitted | Included |
| Insurance Impact | Ignored | Adjustable |
| Depreciation | Ignored | Modeled (mileage-based) |
| Power Source (EVs) | N/A | Included (kWh, etc.) |
Table 2: Fuel cost calculator features—basic vs. advanced
Source: Original analysis based on Select Car Leasing Calculator, 2024.
A superficial calculator might give you a number, but it’s about as useful as an umbrella in a hurricane. Only by embracing complexity—demanding more from your calculator—can you approach real accuracy.
Variables that change everything: Conditions, habits, and more
So what really moves the needle on fuel costs? It’s not just the car or the fuel—it’s you, your city, the weather, and a dozen other factors. According to the US Bureau of Transportation Statistics, January 2024, external conditions can swing fleet fuel costs by 3–41% compared to baseline years.
Let’s break it down:
- Driving Style: Aggressive acceleration and braking can increase fuel consumption by 25–30%. Smooth drivers save big—so does cruise control.
- Route & Terrain: City traffic, stop-start conditions, and hilly terrain all sap efficiency.
- Load & Vehicle Usage: More passengers or cargo? More fuel. Simple as that.
- Season & Climate: Cold weather, air conditioning, or tire type can erode efficiency by 5–10%.
- Fuel Quality: Not all fuels are created equal—low-grade or adulterated fuel can undermine both performance and costs.
- Maintenance Habits: Skipping oil changes or tire rotations? Expect higher per-mile costs.
Every one of these variables isn’t just a technicality—they’re the difference between wishful thinking and harsh reality. The best calculators don’t just let you adjust these—they force you to.
Fail to account for even one, and you could be hundreds of pounds, dollars, or euros out of pocket by year’s end.
Hybrid, electric, or gas: How calculators adapt (or fail)
The automotive landscape is fractured: gas, diesel, hybrid, plug-in, full electric, even hydrogen. Each brings its own baggage to the cost equation. But can your calculator handle the real differences?
"Switching to an EV can save 7–9 cents per mile over gas cars, but that’s only if you accurately track electricity rates, charging habits, and battery degradation."
— Coltura EV Savings Report, Q2 2024 (coltura.org)
Many calculators stumble here, glossing over the real-world variations between charging at home (cheap, but slow) versus rapid public charging (fast, but pricey). Hybrids add even more confusion: fuel efficiency swings wildly based on trip length, climate, and battery health. If your calculator doesn’t let you specify these, you’re not calculating—you’re daydreaming.
The myth-busting files: What most calculators get wrong
Exposing the biggest misconceptions
It’s time to torch the most pervasive myths about fuel cost calculators—because believing them is as dangerous as running a tank dry in the Mojave.
-
“Official MPG is what you’ll get.”
Real-world tests routinely show up to 20% lower efficiency than manufacturer claims. If your calculator assumes perfection, you’re doomed to disappointment. -
“Fuel prices are stable.”
UK prices “stabilized” in 2023–2024, but at historically high levels. Market volatility, wars, and supply shocks can swing the pump price by 10–30% in mere weeks. -
“EVs are always cheaper to run.”
Only true if you factor in local electricity rates, charging habits, and potential battery replacement costs. -
“Maintenance and insurance don’t matter.”
Skipping these is like planning a marathon without checking your shoes—painful surprises guaranteed. -
“Calculators are one-size-fits-all.”
A rural SUV and a city commuter EV live in different worlds—so should their cost calculations.
Believing these myths not only hurts your wallet—it props up the system that profits from your ignorance.
When the numbers lie: Marketing vs. real-life data
Let’s get blunt: marketing numbers are not your friend. Automakers and even some “trusted” tools often cherry-pick data or use best-case scenarios to make vehicles look cheaper than they are.
| Claim Type | Marketing Number | Real-Life Reality | Typical Deviation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturer MPG (Gas) | 50 MPG | 38–42 MPG | -16% to -24% |
| EV Range (Miles) | 300 miles | 220–260 miles | -13% to -27% |
| Maintenance Cost (Year) | £150 | £300–£600 | +100–300% |
Table 3: Marketing claims vs. real-world data.
Source: Original analysis based on Coltura, 2024; MoneySavingExpert, 2024.
"If your calculator is based on showroom specs, it’s selling you a fantasy—not a financial plan."
— As industry experts often note
If you’re not actively seeking real-world data—user-reported MPG, actual bills, maintenance receipts—you’re just another mark in someone else’s profit margin.
The overlooked edge cases: Rural, urban, and everything in between
A calculator that doesn’t let you reflect your reality is useless. Urban drivers face stop-start traffic, while rural drivers clock higher speeds and longer distances. EVs can be perfect for city commutes but frustrating on rural highways with sparse chargers.
If your calculator isn’t asking about your environment—urban, suburban, rural—it’s painting over the fine cracks that will eventually become financial chasms. The devil is always in the details.
How to actually use a fuel cost calculator (and not get played)
Step-by-step: Mastering the modern calculator
So how do you actually wield a fuel cost calculator like a pro? Here’s the real-world process—no shortcuts, no sugarcoating.
- Gather Real Data: Start with your own receipts, maintenance records, and insurance policies—not manufacturer brochures.
- Input Local Prices: Use tools like Select Car Leasing’s calculator or localized data sources to get up-to-date fuel or electricity rates.
- Adjust for Reality: Enter your true average MPG or MPGe, not the marketing number. If in doubt, use the lower end of the range.
- Include Maintenance and Wear: Even if the calculator doesn’t prompt you. Manual entry is better than omission.
- Factor in Driving Style and Conditions: If possible, use advanced calculators that let you specify route, load, and climate.
- Compare Multiple Scenarios: Run the numbers for at least three different vehicles or usage patterns.
- Review the Output Critically: Don’t just accept the bottom-line figure—analyze how sensitive it is to changes in input assumptions.
Too many drivers treat the calculator as a magic 8-ball, shaking it and hoping for reassurance. The truth: it’s only as honest as you make it.
Red flags: When to distrust the results
Not every calculator—or every calculation—is trustworthy. Here are the warning signs:
- No Option for Real-World Inputs: Only uses default or manufacturer data.
- Ignores Maintenance, Depreciation, or Insurance: If these key costs are missing, the results are incomplete.
- No Local Price Customization: Uses national averages or outdated prices.
- Fails to Account for EV Variables: If it doesn’t ask about charging habits or rates, it’s not EV-ready.
- Overly Optimistic Outputs: If the numbers seem too good to be true, triple-check your inputs.
If you spot even one of these, look elsewhere—or dig deeper with your own calculations.
Falling for these traps can blow up your budget and lead you down a road of nasty surprises, especially for long-term ownership.
Beyond the basics: Advanced tips for power users
Ready to level up? Here’s how to push your calculations from “decent guess” to “financial weapon.”
- Log Actual Fuel/Energy Use for 1–2 Months: Replace assumptions with hard numbers.
- Simulate Worst-Case Scenarios: What if fuel spikes by 20%? What if your commute changes?
- Compare Internal Combustion, Hybrid, and EV Head-to-Head: Use calculators like those at futurecar.ai/compare-vehicles for side-by-side analysis.
- Include Resale Value Projections: Smart calculators now estimate depreciation based on mileage, age, and segment.
- Adjust for Seasonal Variations: Run numbers for winter vs. summer driving if your climate swings hard.
Practice these techniques, and you’ll not only know your costs—you’ll start seeing where everyone else is bleeding money.
Case studies: When calculators changed everything (and when they failed)
How a commuter slashed costs with the right numbers
Meet Alex: urban commuter, city dweller, lover of old diesel hatchbacks. After years of “guesstimating” fuel expenses, Alex finally tracked every fill-up and maintenance bill, then ran the numbers through a sophisticated calculator. The results? Switching to a mild-hybrid city car—despite a higher initial price—cut his per-mile cost by a staggering 30%, with savings of £750 a year. The catch was including maintenance, insurance, and real-world MPG, not just sticker price.
It’s not just a story—it’s a blueprint for anyone willing to face the numbers without flinching.
A cautionary tale: The family that underestimated fuel costs
But not every story ends in triumph. The Martins—a suburban family—bought a large SUV, lured by attractive financing and “best-case” MPG figures. After a year of ownership, their actual costs overshot their budget by over £1,200, thanks to a deadly cocktail of traffic, school runs, and a maintenance schedule they ignored.
"We trusted the numbers on the brochure. It wasn’t until the bills piled up that we realized reality doesn’t care about marketing promises."
— The Martin Family, 2024
Their mistake? Ignoring the fine print—and never running their actual data through a proper calculator.
Fleet manager war stories: The good, the bad, and the ugly
For businesses, fuel cost calculators can spell the difference between profit and disaster. Fleet managers are on the frontline—juggling hundreds of vehicles, each a potential sinkhole for cash.
| Fleet Strategy | Fuel Cost Outcome | Key Factors | Case Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aggressive Real-Time Tracking | 8% cost reduction | Live fuel prices, GPS data | Success: National courier |
| “One-Size” Calculator | 5% cost overrun | Ignored vehicle type/urban vs. rural | Failure: Delivery startup |
| Integrated TCO Platform | 12% reduction | Fuel, maintenance, depreciation | Success: Regional bus fleet |
Table 4: Fleet fuel cost calculator outcomes—case studies.
Source: Original analysis based on US Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 2024, Coltura, 2024.
The lesson? For fleets, calculators aren’t optional—they’re weapons of survival.
Comparing the competition: Fuel cost calculators head-to-head
Popular tools ranked: Who gets it right?
Not all calculators are created equal. Some barely scratch the surface, while others give you the ugly truth.
| Calculator Tool | Depth of Inputs | EV Support | Localized Pricing | Maintenance/Depreciation | Ease of Use | Source Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Select Car Leasing | High | Yes | Yes | Moderate | High | Select Car Leasing, 2024 |
| MoneySavingExpert | Moderate | Partial | Yes | Low | High | MoneySavingExpert, 2024 |
| Coltura EV Savings Tool | High | Yes | Yes | Includes EV-specific | Moderate | Coltura, 2024 |
| futurecar.ai | Highest | Yes | Yes | High | Very High | futurecar.ai/fuel-cost-calculator |
Table 5: Leading fuel cost calculator tools compared (2024)
The verdict? Only calculators that combine real-world data, deep customization, and a holistic view of ownership costs are worth your time.
Features that actually matter (and the ones you can ignore)
It’s tempting to get lost in a sea of features, but not all bells and whistles are worth chasing.
-
Must-Have Features:
- Real-world MPG/MPGe inputs
- Up-to-date local fuel/electricity prices
- Maintenance and depreciation fields
- Support for multiple vehicle types (gas, hybrid, EV)
- Scenario comparison mode
-
Overrated Features:
- Fancy animations or UI flourishes
- Manufacturer-only data sources
- One-click “best guess” outputs
- Premium upsells for basic functions
Skip the sizzle—go for the steak. It’s the depth of data, not the gloss, that will save you money.
A calculator with substance empowers you; one with only style is just another marketing device.
What futurecar.ai and other next-gen tools bring to the table
Power users and newcomers alike are increasingly turning to platforms like futurecar.ai for one key reason: brutal transparency. These next-gen calculators don’t sugarcoat the numbers—they break them down, expose the weak points, and let you compare every angle before making a costly decision.
"The best calculators aren’t afraid to show you the uncomfortable truths; they arm you with the knowledge you need to outsmart the system, not just feel good about your choices."
— As industry experts often note
The era of financial guesswork is over. Tools like futurecar.ai are leading the charge, demanding honesty in a world built on comforting illusions.
The future of fuel cost calculation: Beyond gas and miles
Electric vehicles, subscriptions, and the new math
The shape of car ownership is changing—and so is the math. EVs are rewriting the old rules, while subscription-based models and flexible leasing are exploding. Calculators must now track not just gas or electricity, but bundled services, fluctuating rates, and even access fees for charging networks.
The new world order means new numbers—and only the most agile calculators are keeping up.
If your calculator can’t handle this complexity, you’re leaving money on the table and risk being blindsided by costs you never saw coming.
How climate, tech, and policy will shake up the numbers
External forces can upend your cost calculations overnight.
- Climate Events: Heatwaves, storms, and wildfires disrupt supply chains and spike prices regionally.
- New Tech: Battery improvements, advanced hybrids, and alternative fuels can render old calculators obsolete.
- Policy Changes: Taxes, subsidies, and emissions regulations can swing running costs dramatically.
- Energy Market Volatility: Wars, embargoes, and OPEC decisions filter down to the pump and charging station.
Failing to update your calculations as these forces shift is a recipe for disaster.
Your financial health depends on vigilance—not complacency.
Why transparency in fuel costs is a societal game-changer
"Fuel cost calculators do more than protect your wallet—they hold the industry accountable and empower consumers to demand better, fairer, and more honest information."
— As industry experts often note
When everyone knows the real numbers, the power shifts. Hidden costs, predatory pricing, and greenwashing all lose their sting in the glare of transparent, accessible data.
It’s not just about you—it’s about changing the way society thinks about mobility.
Practical takeaways: How to use calculators for real-world decisions
Checklist: Are you capturing the full cost?
You’ve read this far—now it’s time to act. Here’s a step-by-step checklist to turn theory into real-world savings.
- Gather all your driving receipts and cost records from the past year.
- Input local, real-time fuel or electricity prices—ignore national averages.
- Use verified, real-world MPG or MPGe—not manufacturer data.
- Include all maintenance, tire, and repair costs.
- Estimate depreciation based on mileage, not just age.
- Compare at least three different vehicles or models, including at least one hybrid or EV.
- Run a worst-case scenario: simulate a 20% spike in fuel/energy prices.
- Review results critically—look for areas of greatest uncertainty or cost risk.
- Routinely revisit and update your calculations as conditions change.
Skip even one step, and you’re flying blind.
Common mistakes and how to avoid them
Here’s where most drivers—and businesses—get it wrong:
- Trusting manufacturer MPG or range figures
- Ignoring local price fluctuations
- Forgetting about maintenance and insurance
- Assuming “EV = always cheaper”
- Failing to update calculations regularly
Don’t just avoid these mistakes—make them impossible by baking them into your process.
Falling for even one of these can mean hundreds lost—sometimes more.
From data to action: Making smarter choices today
Numbers are only power when you use them. Here’s how to put your new knowledge to work:
- Choose vehicles based on total cost of ownership, not sticker price or marketing hype.
- Adjust your driving style and routes for maximum efficiency.
- Negotiate fleet, insurance, and service contracts from an informed position.
- Use tools like futurecar.ai for holistic, up-to-date analysis.
- Educate others—spread the word about the hidden truths of fuel costs.
The road to smarter ownership starts with a single step—armed with real numbers and zero illusions.
Beyond the numbers: Fuel cost calculators, culture, and the road ahead
The psychology of cost: Why we underestimate and what it costs us
It’s human nature to avoid hard truths. Research shows drivers routinely underestimate running costs by as much as 30%—not because of ignorance, but out of sheer optimism bias. We remember the cheapest fill-ups, forget the expensive ones, and ignore the maintenance bills until the car coughs its last.
"Our brains are wired to filter out financial pain—until it’s too late to act."
— As industry experts often note
Owning your financial reality is an act of defiance in a world built on wishful thinking.
The environmental angle: More than just your wallet
Fuel cost calculators don’t just save you money—they steer you towards greener, more sustainable choices.
| Vehicle Type | Typical CO2 (g/mile) | Fuel Cost (per mile) | Environmental Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gasoline Car | 350 | £0.18 | High |
| Diesel Car | 320 | £0.16 | High |
| Hybrid | 200 | £0.13 | Moderate |
| Full Electric | 0 | £0.09 | Lowest |
Table 6: Environmental and financial impact by vehicle type.
Source: Original analysis based on Coltura, 2024.
Choosing wisely is good for your wallet—and the planet.
Ignoring these numbers means paying twice: once at the pump, and again in environmental debt.
What comes next: The evolving role of calculators in automotive life
The next chapter? Calculators will move from afterthought to constant companion. As vehicles, markets, and lifestyles grow more complex, real-time cost calculation will be as essential as the speedometer.
Knowing your costs isn’t just about surviving—it’s about thriving, driving change, and demanding better from an industry that profits on confusion.
Appendix: Deep-dive definitions and technical breakdowns
Key terms every driver needs to know
Cost per mile : The total expense to drive one mile, factoring in fuel, maintenance, insurance, and depreciation—not just the price at the pump.
MPG/MPGe : “Miles per gallon” (gas/diesel) or “miles per gallon equivalent” (EVs). MPGe compares electricity use to gasoline.
Depreciation : The reduction in a vehicle’s value over time, heavily influenced by mileage, condition, and market trends.
TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) : The sum of all expenses—purchase, running, repairs, and resale—over the vehicle’s life.
Charging rate : For EVs, the speed (kWh/hour) at which a battery can be replenished; essential for calculating real-world running costs.
Knowing these terms isn’t trivia—it’s survival.
How calculators handle edge cases and exceptions
- Simulate rural/urban split for more accurate projections
- Allow manual override of MPG, maintenance, or depreciation rates
- Include options for seasonal price swings or climate-specific costs
- Add fields for non-traditional ownership (subscriptions, flex-leases)
If a calculator can’t adapt to your quirks, it’s not worth your time.
Adaptability is the new gold standard for any meaningful cost calculator.
Related questions and controversies: What readers are asking now
Do fuel cost calculators still matter in the age of EVs?
Absolutely. If anything, they matter more—because the “fuel” for EVs isn’t just electricity, but time, convenience, and infrastructure. Calculators help demystify not just cost, but range, charging, and battery health.
Even in the electric era, ignorance is expensive.
Are industry-backed calculators trustworthy?
"Always check for bias: calculators from automakers or energy companies may cherry-pick scenarios to make their products shine. Seek tools with transparent, user-adjustable inputs."
— As industry experts often note
- Scrutinize the assumptions
- Demand real-world input options
- Look for third-party validation
- Don’t rely on “best-case” scenarios
Vigilance beats regret—every time.
What should you demand from your next calculator?
- Real-world data support
- Adjustable for local prices, driving style, and vehicle type
- Transparent methodology and assumptions
- Comprehensive cost fields (maintenance, insurance, depreciation)
- Side-by-side scenario comparison
If your calculator doesn’t deliver all this, keep looking.
Only a tool that meets these standards will protect your wallet—and your sanity.
In conclusion: Fuel cost calculators are not just gadgets or spreadsheets for the nerdy or obsessed. They are the last line of defense against an industry—and a universe of market forces—that profits from your confusion and complacency. By harnessing the full power of verified data, advanced calculation, and ruthless honesty, you can turn the tables, reclaim your financial future, and maybe, just maybe, enjoy that next fill-up (or charge) a little more. Don’t get played—get calculated. The truth, raw and unvarnished, is your ticket to freedom on the road.
Find Your Perfect Car Today
Join thousands making smarter car buying decisions with AI